Valve Material Selection Guide – for Different Working Conditions

Valves are essential control points in industrial systems—but did you know that a valve's performance and lifespan largely depend on its material? From high temperatures to corrosive environments and sanitary conditions, choosing the right material can reduce maintenance costs and safety risks while improving reliability.

This article introduces the most commonly used valve materials in industry, their characteristics, typical applications, and standards—making your material selection easier than ever.

1. Carbon Steel – The "Workhorse" of Industrial Materials

Common Grades: WCB, ASTM A105
Applications: Water, oil, steam in standard environments

Carbon steel is widely used for its affordability and mechanical strength. It suits non-corrosive environments in most general industrial settings.

✔ Pros: Cost-effective, high pressure resistance
✖ Cons: Poor corrosion resistance; not suitable for acidic or alkaline media

2. Stainless Steel – The Versatile Choice for Corrosive Media

Common Grades: 304 (CF8), 316 (CF8M), 304L, 316L
Applications: Chemical plants, food processing, seawater systems, pharmaceuticals

Stainless steel provides excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for industries requiring hygiene and durability.

✔ Pros: Corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistance, sleek appearance
✖ Cons: Higher cost, heavier weight

3. Ductile Iron – A Reliable Choice for Low to Medium Pressure

Common Grades: QT450, GGG40
Applications: Municipal pipelines, agricultural irrigation, HVAC systems

Ductile iron combines good strength with the economy of cast iron, offering a great balance of performance and cost.

✔ Pros: Cost-effective, excellent casting properties
✖ Cons: Not suitable for high-pressure or corrosive environments

4. Copper Alloy – The Compact and Corrosion-Resistant Option

Common Grades: Brass, bronze, tin bronze
Applications: Household systems, shipbuilding, low-pressure seawater environments

Copper alloy valves are commonly used in compact plumbing and marine systems for their ease of installation and excellent sealing.

✔ Pros: Corrosion-resistant, easy to machine, excellent sealing
✖ Cons: Lower pressure resistance, relatively high cost

Valve Material Comparison Table